Control Engineering

Basic Control System Trainer is a very versatile and useful trainer kit for the control laboratory for all engineering, polytechnic and vocational courses. It provides with in depth knowledge of the basics of control systems like open loop, closed loop, I^st, II^nd and III^rd order systems active and passive, Type 0, 1, and 2 control systems. Practical and Theoretical concepts can be verified for all types of control systems. The unit is housed in an elegantly designed metal cabinet with a well spread circuit layout on the front panel. A comprehensive Instruction Manual complete with Theory and Operation details is provided. These are some of the salient features of the Basic Control System Trainer.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

1. Signal Generator

Circuit                           :           Using Microcontroller.

Output Signals              :           a. Square wave

1. Ramp wave
2. Parabolic wave

Frequency                     :           100 Hz Fixed

Amplitude                     :           1 Vpp.

2. Variable Square wave generator

Circuit                           :           Using discrete components

Output                          :           Square wave

Frequency                     :           40 Hz to 4 KHz approx.

Amplitude                     :           1 Vpp

3. Variable DC Voltage :           -12V to +12V

4. Unit Step Input

Low                              :           -0.5V to 0.5V

High                             :           -0.5V to +1V

5. Impulse generator

Circuit                           :           Using Microcontroller

Amplitude                     :           -0.5V to +0.5V, Fixed

Duration                        :           50 usec

6. Passive Components

Resistors                      :           100E, 1K, 1K, 10K, 50K and 100K

Capacitors                    :           1 nF, 10 nF, 10 nF, 100 nF, 1 uF and 1 uF

Inductors                      :           1 uH, 680 uH, 1 mH, 10 mH, 68 mH, and 100 mH

7. Active control circuit blocks

1. Open Loop System (Transistorized current source system)
2. Error Amplifier
3. Amplifier with calibrated gain control
4. I^st order system
5. II^nd order system
6. III^rd order system
7. Type 0 Control system
8. Type 1 Control system
9. Type 2 Control system

8. Experiments

1. Study of Open Loop Control System.
2. Study of Closed Loop Control System.
3. Study of I^st Order RC control System and plot its frequency response.
4. Study of II^nd Order RLC control system, observe the various damping conditions and plot its frequency

response.

5. Study of III^rd Order RLC control system, observe the various damping conditions and plot its frequency

response.

6. Study of First Order active system and observe the effect of gain on damping.
7. Study of Second Order active system and observe the effect of gain on damping.
8. Study of Third Order active system and observe the effect of gain on damping.
9. Study of Type 0 Control System and observe the error analysis for Step, Ramp, Parabolic and Impulse inputs.
10. Study of Type 1 Control System and observe the error analysis for Step, Ramp, Parabolic and Impulse inputs.
11. Study of Type 2 Control System and observe the error analysis for Step, Ramp, Parabolic and Impulse inputs.
12. Study response of I^st order, II^nd order, III^rd order active control system for unit step input.
13. Study response of Type 0,1,2 Control System for DC voltage input.

SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE DUE TO CONSTANT

DEVELOPMENTS WITHOUT ANY PRIOR NOTICE

ADTRON’s Process Control Simulator ( Advance PID Controller ) is an excellent learning tool for the students to learn the concept of Proportional,  Integral, Derivative and its combinations using simulated approach. The unit consists of an Input Disturbance generator, PID Controller, different types of processes, non—linear characteristics generator, indicating meters, etc all housed in an elegant metal cabinet with a well spread intelligently designed circuit layout on the front panel. A comprehensive Instruction manual complete with theory and operation details is provided.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

GENERAL

• Input and Output Range is + 10V at all points
• Frequency response of all basic amplifier configuration is flat at full output to 10 KHz
• Minimum resistive load on any output for full range       :            5 K
• All outputs are short circuit proof.

INPUT DISTURBANCE GENERATOR BLOCK

• DC Voltage : 0 to +2.5V
• Square and Sine wave

Frequency : Slow Mode – 0.02Hz to 10Hz

Fast Mode – 0.2Hz to 100Hz

Amplitude : Variable, 0 — 5Vpp

• Single Step Input : +2.5V

CONTROLLER BLOCK

• Set Value : 0 to +10V
• Integral Time ( T_i ) : Slow Mode – 25Sec to 500mSec

Corresponding to 0.04 to 2 repeats / s

Fast Mode – 250mSec to 5mSec

Corresponding to 4 to 200 repeats / s

• Derivative Time ( T_d ) : Slow Mode – 0 to 2Sec

Fast Mode – 0 to 20mSec

• Proportional Band ( P ) : 200% to 4%

Corresponding to gain constant of 0.5 to 25

PROCESS BLOCK

The Process Block consists of various process like

• Inverter                                  :            It represents a sign changer.
• Distance Velocity Lag       :            It represents the time required to transport material or propogate a signal or condition from one point                                                                               to another.

Time Delay : Slow Mode – 1Sec

Fast Mode – 10mSec

Frequency Range : Slow Mode – 0 to 0.3Hz

Fast Mode – 0 to 30Hz

• Simple Lag : It represents the simple lag due to circuit components.

Lag : Slow Mode – 1Sec

Fast Mode – 10mSec

• Lag / Integrator : This circuit works as a Lag or Integrator selectable using switch ( 2 Blocks) .

Lag / Integrator : Slow Mode – 1Sec

Fast Mode – 10mSec

NON—LINEAR UNIT

The non-linear unit represents characteristics like

• Linear : Slope of Linear portion is Unity
• Limits : 0.5 to 5V
• Deadband
• Backlash
• Two step and Three step ( relay ) with overlap.

ADTRON’s Digital Control System Trainer the working and operation of a Digital Control system. It is a versatile and self contained system allowing students to understand the concepts of a second order simulated process and a digital control system. It consists of a digital controller, simulated second order process using Op-amp, Analog to Digital Converter, Digital to Analog Converter are housed in an elegant metal cabinet with a well spread intelligently designed circuit layout on the front panel. Facility to observe the output on CRO.  A comprehensive instruction manual complete with theory and operating details is provided along with the unit.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

*          Control System           :           Second order simulated using op-amps

*          Digital Control             :           Using controller with 16 bit arithmetic for algorithmic calculations

*          Controller type           :           PID with facility to set the parameters of P, I and D individually

*          Test Signal                     :           Built-in Square Wave Generator

*          Power Supply               :           Built-in regulated Power Supplies

*          Operating Voltage      :           230V, 50 Hz AC

SALIENT FEATURES :

*        Completely self contained stand – alone system.

*        Demonstrates the principle and working of a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control system with Microcontroller                     Based.

*        Supply required 230V, 50 Hz AC.

*        Complete system consists of a process unit with process and control unit with sensor.

*        The process unit consists of an aluminium rod as the process which is heated by 3 high wattage bulbs (100 watts  each). A                   temperature of above 80⁰C can be attained.

*        The control unit consists of an RTD PT 100 sensor probe with connecting facilities, its sensor input circuit P.I.D. control                     circuits, power output circuit.

*        Built – in analog meters to measure deviation (± 20⁰C) between set and process value and % output power (0 – 100%).

*        Built – in set value adjustment from 0 to 100⁰C.

*        Built – in facilities to vary proportional gain, integral time and derivative time (coarse & fine adjustments).

*        Built – in facility to connect a fan (not provided) for forced cooling for creating external disturbance.

*        Study of effects of integral, derivative and proportional action:

1.        Two Position or ON – OFF Controllers.

2.        Proportional Controllers.

3.        Proportional – Integral Controllers.

4.        Proportional – Derivative Controllers.

5.        Proportional – Integral – Derivative Control System.

*        Multi – coloured test points are provided at various stages in the circuit to observe the waveforms and voltages.

*        Set of required patch cords.

*        Housed in an elegant cabinet with a well spread intelligently designed circuit layout on front panel.

*       Strongly supported by a comprehensive instruction manual complete with theory and operating details.

ADTRON’s Transparent Hydraulic Trainer Model 4036 is a self contained Transparent Hydraulic Circuit Board Trainer where demonstration of over 30 experiments is possible. Transparent Hydraulic Trainer is a sophisticated, indigenous, new generation transparent hydraulic teaching aid, specially developed to impart the best practical training in control transparent hydraulics. All functional transparent hydraulic components supplied with the trainer are made transparent to enable to observe Internal Movements. It can be used as a Live Demonstrator to show functioning of various transparent hydraulic control circuits and components, with ( coloured ) transparent hydraulic oil for better viewing. Regulated introduction of air bubbles can be used for easy tracing of oil path. Maximum operating pressure is kept at 10 bar so as not to damage the specially designed / manufactured transparent components and for safety of the students. transparent components / equipments are mounted on an ergonomically designed mobile metal trolley with drip tray. The power pack is mounted at the bottom. The transparent components are permanently mounted on the working area. “Quick Release Couplings” are used on the transparent components and hoses for fast and easy connections. All the transparent components are duly fitted with “Quick Adapters” and the hoses are fitted with quick couplers. The Hydraulic Trainer transparent components consists of :

Hydraulic Power – Pack :

*     Pump                    : 3 LPM

*     Pressure             : 10 bar

*     Motor                   : ½ HP, 3 f, foot / flange motor

*     Oil Tank             : 20 litre capacity ( oil to be provided by the purchaser )

*     Suction Filter  

*     Oil Level Indicator

*     Pressure Gauge  

*     Pressure Relief Valve

COMPONENTS :

*     Single Acting Cylinder                                    :    01 Nos

*     Double Acting Cylinder                                  :  01 Nos

*     4/2 Way Directional Control Valve ( Spring Return ) :    01 Nos

*     4/3 Way Directional Control Valve         :   01 Nos

*     Branch Tee                                                               :   02 Nos

*     Check Valve                                                             :   01 Nos

*     Flow Control Valve                                             :   01 Nos

*     Hydraulic Motor                                                   :  01 Nos

*     Manifold
                                a.  Pressure Line Manifold         :   01 Nos

b. Return Line Manifold              :   01 Nos

*     Needle Valve                                                            :   01 Nos

*     Loading Weight ( 10 Kg approx. )              :   01 Nos

*     PO Check Valve                                                     :   01 Nos

*     Pressure Relief Valve                                        :    01 Nos

*     Pressure Gauge f 100 mm                              :    01 Nos

*     Pulley arrangement ( suitable to load ):      01 Nos

*     Sequence Valve                                                      :     01 No

*     Measuring Flask ( 2 Litres )                           : 01 Nos

*     Hydraulic Hoses with Quick Couplers  : 10 Nos

*     Detailed Instruction Manual                       : 01 Nos