7522 WIRELESS LAN TRAINER

ADTRON’s LAN Trainer Model 7522 is a versatile system that supplements courses on computer networks and LAN.

Fundamentals of wireless networking,

knowledge of all wireless network layers, cable designing and building of complete wireless network of computers.

Understanding and Implementation of various topologies using different standards given by IEEE, protocols, measurement of error rate, throughput and effect of errors on protocols.

Software provides graphical representation of data with differentiation of packet to be

transmitted, packet being transmitted, packet transmitted with acknowledgment.

Details information of Local Area Network Trainer –

Hardware

Topology

Star
ii) Bus
iii) Ring
Nodes: 4 Nodes
Data Rate: 10/100 Mbps
Interconnection: RJ45 connection cable to connect hardware to computer LAN card

Software:

Topology selection:

i) Star

ii) Bus

iii) Ring

Protocols selection:

i) Stop and Wait

ii) Go back to n

iii) Selective repeat

iv) Sliding window

v) Token Ring

vi) Token Bus

vii) CSMA / CD

viii) CSMA / CA

Packet Size: 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384
Inter packet delay: 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000ms
Error generation: Bad packet, acknowledgment lost and auto error generation
Encryption and decryption of data

Network details:

Indication of computer name, IP address, Port number, status of network, MAC address and operating system on computer.

Graphical representation:

Graphic representation of Data on software screen with differentiation of packet to be transmitted, packet being transmitted, packet transmitted with acknowledgment, packet with acknowledgment lost error, packet with bad packet error and packet which is discarded or resend.

Measurement and plotting:

Error rate calculation, Throughput calculation

Protocol analysis

Indication of packet serial number, file name, file size, file number, receiver name, workgroup, receiver IP address, current packet, total packets, packet length, delay, protocol, topology, receiver MAC address, port number, packet send time, acknowledgment receive time, inter packet delay, data rate (MBPS),number of resend packets, acknowledgment value

Network analysis:

Indication of packet serial number, file name, file size, file number, receiver name, work group, receiver IP address, total packets, packet length, time out, protocol, topology, receiver MAC address, port number, file send start time, file sent completion time, transmission time, data rate (MBPS), error.

SPECIFICATIONS:

8x 10×100 Mbps RJ-45 N way ports

Complies with IEEE802.3 and IEEE802.3x standards

Supports MDI/MDI-x auto crossover

Up to 200 Mbps data transfer rates (full duplex)

Plug and play installation

Energy efficient

L-SIM

LAN Protocol Simulation and Analyzer Software

FEATURES:

Bus, star and ring topologies

Socket programming and processing Data encryption and decryption

Ethernet and wireless LAN protocols

– Stop and wait

– Go back to n

– Selective repeat

– Token bus

– Token ring

– CSMA/CA

– CSMA/CD

User selectable packet size from 128 bytes ~ 16384 bytes User selectable inter packet delay from 1000ms ~ 5000ms Manual and auto error generation

Real time graphical representation of entire transmission and reception

Auto detection of IP addresses and names of each node in the transmission Measurement of packet transmission time

Measure of throughput:

Effect of bit errors on various protocols Built-in protocol analyzer

Built-in network analysis Facility to plot graphs.

Real time software can work on existing LAN Library files provided for project purpose

Built in help.

DSB & SSB AM Transmitter Trainer ( Model : 7506 )

The DSB / SSB AM Transmitter Trainer is a versatile self contained stand alone unit useful in the study and demonstration of carrier generation, amplitude modulation, DSB, SSB, and AM transmitter. The unit consists of audio generator, AM modulator, carrier generator, and transmitter antenna. The unit is housed in an elegant cabinet with a well spread intelligently designed circuit layout on front panel. Multi-coloured test points are provided at various stages in the circuit to observe the waveforms and voltages. It is strongly supported by a comprehensive instruction manual complete with theory and operating details.

Salient features :

♦ On board variable frequency audio oscillator, carrier frequency generator.

♦ On board DSB and SSB modulator, Band pass filter, 455 KHz generator, audio & RF amplifiers.

♦ Transmitting antenna, Speaker & Headphones.

Technical Specifications

♦ Audio Oscillator : Sinewave with variable Frequency and Amplitude ( 300 Hz – 3.4 KHz ).

♦ Audio Output : Amplifier with Speaker / head phone.

♦ Modulators : 1. Balanced Modulators with band pass Filters (1MHz) 02 Nos.

01 Nos Balanced Modulator. (455 khz)

♦ Band Pass Filter : Ceramic filter.

♦ Carrier Frequency : Crystal controlled 1 MHz generator.

♦ Modulator output : 1. DSB at 1MHz.

SSB at 1.455 MHz.

♦ Transmitter Output : through gain adjustable amplifier connected to antenna / cable.

♦ Switched faults : 8 nos.

♦ Test Points : 27.

♦ Interconnections : 4mm Banana sockets and patch cords.

♦ Power Requirement : 230V+10%, 50 Hz, 1f AC.

♦ Accessories : 1. Instruction Manual.

Set of Patch cords.

Experiment :

Study of carrier frequency generation.
Study of DSB and SSB AM Generation & Transmission.
Study of Transmitter tuned circuits.

SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE DUE TO CONSTANT DEVELOPMENTS WITHOUT ANY PRIOR NOTICE

BASE BAND TRANSMISSION & RECEPTION TRAINER ( 7534 )

BASE BAND Transmission & Reception Trainer is an Advance Digital Communication Trainer System that helps one understand various Digital Modulation and Demodulation Techniques. Various functional block diagrams are provided on-board as an aid for Teaching/Training. These Kits are provided with various Test Points to visualize the signals on Oscilloscopes. All ICS are mounted on IC Sockets. Bare board Tested Glass Epoxy PCB is used. Attractive Wooden enclosures of Light weight Pine Wood.

Features:

► Onboard Noise Generator.

► On-board PRBS Generator.

► On-board Bit Error Rate Meter.

► Switch faults are provided to study its effects on circuits.

► Block Description screen printed on PCB

► In-Built Power Supply

TECHNICAL Specifications

► Noise Generator : 1. Provides White Noise Source output

Amplitude of 0 – 4 V p-p
Provision for Amplitude adjustments provided.

► PRBS Generator : 1. 16 Bit switch selectable

Jumper selectable clock rate of 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512 KHz, and

1.024 Mhz.

► BIT ERROR RATE Meter: 1. Four digit counter displayed on seven segment

Four digit seven segment counting up to 9999
LED for terminal count indication provided

► Digital Modulation Technique: 1. Pulse Amplitude Modulation technique is used

Internal sampling clock : 16 KHz to 1MHz
50 % duty cycle

► Coding Operation : 1. 16 bit data pattern for scrambler

16 bit data pattern for unscramble

► On-board Features : 1. Switch Selectable first order Butterworth Transmitter filter (Five Bands)

Switch Selectable first order Butterworth Receiver filter (Five Bands)
Switch Faults are provided on board to study different effects on circuit

► Interconnections : 4 mm sockets.

► Test Points : 30

► Power : 230V + 10% 50 Hz, 1 f AC.

► Accessories : a. Detailed Instruction Manual.

Set of Patch cords.

EXPERIMENTS:

Study of Pulse Amplitude Modulation of Digital Data’s for Base Band Transmission.

Study of Data Extraction and Recovery in Base Band Digital Transmission.

Study of Transmission and Reception of Band Limited Pulse Train in Base Band Digital Transmission System.

Study of Eye Pattern.

Observation and Calculation of Noise Margin Percentage.

Measurement of Bit Error Rate using Binary Data.

Study of Message Scramblers and Un-scramblers.

Effect of Switch Faults.

SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE DUE TO CONSTANT

DEVELOPMENTS WITHOUT ANY PRIOR NOTICE

MSK MODULATION / DEMODULATION TRAINER ( 7536 )

MSK Modulation / Demodulation Trainer is an Advance Digital Communication Trainer System that helps one understand various Digital Modulation and Demodulation Techniques. Various functional block diagrams are provided on-board as an aid for Teaching/Training. These Kits are provided with various Test Points to visualize the signals on Oscilloscopes. All ICS are mounted on IC Sockets. Bare board Tested Glass Epoxy PCB is used. Attractive Wooden enclosures of Light weight Pine Wood.

Features:

► Carrier Generator

► Data Generator

► Display

► On-board Circuits

► Block Description screen printed on PCB

► In-Built Power Supply

TECHNICAL Specifications

► Carrier Generator : On Board synchronized RF carrier signal generators with frequencies

of 120 KHz, 200 KHz

► Data Generator : 1. 8 bit Digital Data generator to generate any binary input word

Selection of Data using 8-way DIP Switch

► Display : 1. One LED indicator to indicate Power input.

► On-board Circuits : 1.On board two Balanced Modulator Circuit.

Demodulator PLL Detector Circuit.
Squarer Circuit

► Interconnections : 4 mm sockets.

► Power : 230V + 10% 50 Hz, 1 f AC.

► Accessories : a. Detailed Instruction Manual.

Set of Patch cords.

SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE DUE TO CONSTANT

DEVELOPMENTS WITHOUT ANY PRIOR NOTICE

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION TRAINER 7512-7513-7514-7515

7512 – 13 – 14-15

ZIGBEE TRAINER 7523

SALIENT FEATURES

• Completely self contained stand alone unit

• Zigbee Transmitter and receiver unit

• Zigbee module with integrated Zigbee core and radio / antenna circuit.

• Integrated 2.4GHz, IEEE 802.15.4—compliant transreceiver

• 12 GPIO’s, can be configured as Digital I/0 or Analog Input

• 8 Digital Input / Outputs : DC Motor, Relay, Buzzer, 2 Switches, LED, RSSI and Power ON

• Potentiometer and Temperature Analog Input • RS-232 Interface

• User Friendly GUI to perform various Experiments TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

• Zigbee Module Transmit Power : 2mW ( +3 dBm ) Receiver Sensitivity : -95 dBm RF Data rate : 250 Kbps On Board applications

• Switches and LED’s LED’s : 3 ( Power On, RSSI and Ouput) SPDT Switches : 2 Reset Switch

• Relay – 5V / 1 CO with its P, NC and NO Contacts on 3 pin Connector to connect external device

• Buzzer – Continuous type, 3—6V operated • Potentiometer – Analog interface voltage variable

• Temperature – Analog interface, temperature indication

• DC Motor – 12V DC Motor, with FWD / REV facility Experiments • Configuring Zigbee as Co-ordinator or End Device

• Interfacing Zigbee with PC and operating all on board Input and Output devices

• Communicating between two Zigbee devices and operating Input / Output devices on the remote board
• Study of AT Commands SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE DUE TO CONSTANT DEVELOPMENTS WITHOUT ANY PRIOR NOTICE

MOBILE COMMUNICATION TRAINER WITH GSM MODEL 7527

Mobile Communication Trainer is an easy medium of learning the fundamental concept of Mobile communication like GSM, GPRS.
The main focus of MCLS is in opening up a whole new world for you, mobile communication concepts like Call setup, call forward, SMS, voice, data and other Network protocols are also experimented on vis-à-vis the existing environment.

Hardware Specifications:

Dual band 900 / 1800 MHz GSM / GPRS Modem.

Data, SMS, Voice.

Remote control by AT commands (according to GSM 07.07 and GSM 07.05)

Maximum output power 2W for GSM 900: 1W for GSM 1800

Input voltage 9V to 12V DC, Current @2A peak

Operated on 230Vac wall mount external adaptor Or on board Li-Ion Battery with on board Battery charger.

E Features:

RS-232 & USB connector for PC Communication

20 Membrane keys with multifunctional operation.

GLCD 128×64 Interface, Mic and Speaker

Remote control by AT commands (GSM 07.07 and 7.05)

Baud rate from 300 to 115,200 bits/s, Auto baud

SMA antenna connector

Sliding / fixed landing SIM holder (3.3V/5V SIM interf.)

Various LED indicators for POWER, Network, Low battery, Battery charging & Battery status & serial Communications, Battery temp. indication etc.

On board RTC with independent battery backup.

Provision for auxiliary audio MIC & speaker connect.

appropriate test points at variousstages

Specific digital inputs to allow direct SMS transmission if any input changes state.

Relay output controlled over SMS.

E Experiments:

SIM identification for getting self number, network name etc.

Execution of AT commands via PC

Voice communication using AT commands

Study of text or PDU data formats & interface with modem. SMS

Network status intimation via AT commands.

Read Message Delete Message on PC

Call Records a. View missed calls b. View dialed numbers c. View records on PC

Contacts – a. Dial no. b. Delete Contact c. Add contact

Study and measure PWM signal of circuit such as Vibrator, LED, Buzzer. Setting of MIC gain & Speaker gain via. AT commands.

SMS interface for Transmit, Receive & manage inbox.

Send SMS messages with the help of on board keypad.

Indication of battery temperature viaAT commands.

On board Li-ion battery with provision to start, stop battery charging via AT commands

Know & manage information for all recent calls, missed calls.

Manage contact list.

Send and receive email facility through AT commands.

Relay output controlled over SMS.

STANDARDS ACCESSORIES

GSM Mobile Communication Trainer 01 No.
Power Adapter 01 No.
PC Communication Cable 01 no.
JTAG – USB download adapter 01 No.
Antenna ( fixed screw mount) 01 No.
Sample Codes, Data Sheets, Software and tools CD 01 Set
User and Reference Manual 01 Set

CDMA Modulation & Demodulation Trainer (DSSS/FHSS)-7530

7530-1

CDMA (DSSS and FHSS) Model 7530 is a comprehensive training solution for technology people, who want to explore the basics behind Code Division Multiple Access. The implementation of CDMA into practical life is so vast and intricate that it becomes really tough for beginners to get a feel of the real technology implementation. Main aims to provide this feel of technology and gives necessary understanding of the CDMA multiplexing.

► Features

* On-board data generators and PRN sequence generators

* BCD rotary switches for Data Selection

* Tap selectable PN sequence generators

* Multiple data rate and chip rate selection

* Variable processing gain selection

* Slow and Fast frequency hopping demonstration

* PN sequence driven Frequency synthesizer with non-overlapping frequency channel assignment

► major blocks :

* Data generators 1

* Data generators 2

* PN sequence 1

* PN sequence 2

* Clock Generator

* DSSS Modulator 1

* DSSS Modulator 2

* Frequency Synthesizer 1

* Frequency Synthesizer 2

* FHSS Modulator 1

* FHSS Modulator 2

* Mixer

* DSSS Demodulator

► Technical Specifications

* Mains Supply :

* Mains Supply : 230 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz

* Data Source

* Data rate : 16Kbps, 8 Kbps, 4Kbps

* World Length : 8 bits

* Data Format : NRZ (Non Return to Zero)

* PN Sequence Generators

* Chip Clock : 240 KHz, 120 KHz, 60 KHz, 16KHz, 8KHz, 4KHz.

* Sequence type : Maximal length sequence

* Sequence patterns : Selectable through feedback taps in LFSR.

* BFSK frequencies : 100 KHz for mark and 50 KHz for space

* Frequency synthesizer O/P : Sinusoidal

* Frequency synthesizer frequencies : 1.6 MHz, 1.4 MHz, 800 KHz, 400KHz.

* Hopping channels : Four

* No. of hops per data period : Variable (selectable for slow and fast hopping)

* Mains Supply : 5V, 12 V DC, 200 mA

* Test Points : 44 nos.(Gold plated) BNC to BNC

* Accessories : 1. Patch cord.

Manual.

► Experiments :

* Study of Data and PN Sequence

* Study of Pseudo-Random Noise (PRN) Sequence

* Study of Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

* Study of CDMA-DSSS technique

* Study of BFSK modulation and demodulation Technique

* Study of Frequency hopping spread spectrum

Satellite Communication Trainer 7528

7528-2

Sailent Feature :

Satellite Communication Trainer is a versatile self-contained stand alone unit useful in the study and demonstration of Satellite Communication. It consists of Uplink Tx, Satellite Link & Downlink Rx, specially designed for table top use in a laboratory. A detailed instruction manual is provided.

Technical Specification

* Uplink Transmitter :

Frequency : 2.4, 2.427, 2.454 & 2.481 Ghz PLL Controlled ISM Band

Spurious output : – 30 dB typical

RF Output Z : 75 Ohms Unbalanced

RF output level : +3 dBm nominal

Path Loss : Upto 30dB continuously variable attenuation

Audio 1 In : Int. 1KHz sine wave / Ext Mic

Ext. Function Generator waveform

Audio 2 In : Int. 1KHz sine wave / Ext Mic

Ext. Function Generator waveform

Video In : Analog Camera / VCD compatible

Waveform upto 5MHz from Function Generator

Digital In : Square wave from Function Generator

Antenna : Detachable dish antenna ( 1 nos. )

* Satellite Link:

Transponder Uplink

Frequency : 2.4, 2.427, 2.454 & 2.481 GHz PLL Synthesized ISM Band

RF Input Z : 75 Ohms Unbalanced

Sensitivity : – 80dBm

Transponder Downlink

Frequency : 2.4, 2.427, 2.454 & 2.481 GHz PLL Synthesized ISM Band

Spurious output : – 30 dB typical

RF Output Z : 75 Ohms Unbalanced

RF output level : +3 dBm nominal

Path Loss : Upto 30dB continuously variable attenuation

Link Fail : Switch to disable link

Antennas : Detachable dish antenna ( 2 nos. )

* Downlink Receiver :

Frequency : 2.4, 2.427, 2.454 & 2.481 GHz PLL Controlled ISM Band

RF Input Z : 75 Ohms Unbalanced

Sensitivity : -80dBm

Audio 1out : Speaker inbuilt/output

Audio 2out : Speaker inbuilt/output

Video Out : Waveform upto 5MHz

Digital Out : Square wave

RSSI Out : Received signal strength output for C/N measurement

Antenna : Detachable dish antenna ( 1 nos. )

* Standard Accessories :

Audio video cable : 02 Nos.
Dish Antenna Detachable : 04 Nos.
BNC – BNC cable : 02 Nos.
Condenser microphone : 01 No.
Mini Portable TV : 01 No.
Suitable Camera : 01 No.

* Experiments:

Understanding concepts of satellite communication.
To set up direct link.
To set up active satellite link.
Study satellite transponder.
To set up satellite communication link.
Study audio video transmission through satellite link.
To transmit and receive generator wave forms through satellite link.
To transmit tone though satellite link.
To measure the C/N ratio.
To measure the S/N ratio
To measure the digital base band signal parameters in a satellite communication link.

DC CHARACTERIZATION OF FET 7550

DC CHARACTERIZATION OF BJT 7549

7549-3_mini

STUDY OF Q IN RLC PARALLEL RESONANCE CIRCUITS (LOW POWER FREQUENCY ) 7548

7548

STUDY OF Q IN RLC SERIES RESONANCE CIRCUITS (LOW POWER FREQUENCY ) 7547

7547

BR FILTER DESIGN 7546

BP FILTER DESIGN 7545

7545

Noise – Audio Amplifier Trainer 7542

LAN Trainer 7541

SALIENT FEATURES :

The QAM/DQAM Modulation Trainer helps the student to learn the concepts in QAM/DQAM generation and its application. The circuit comprises of a Carrier sine wave generator, a NRZ L data generator, Clock and data generator, QAM/DQAM Modulator Circuit and the required power supply. The circuit is housed in an elegant cabinet with a well spread intelligently designed circuit layout on the front panel and is strongly supported by a comprehensive instruction manual.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS :

♦ Carrier Sine Wave Generator : Four carrier sine waves Generated onboard

Provides synchronized Sine waveform output of 500KHz (0 deg.), 500KHz (90 deg.), 500KHz(180 deg.),500KHz(270 deg.).

♦ Clock and Data Generator : – 24 bit variable NRZ-L pattern generated

depending on the position of the three nos. of 8-dit Data Switch provided Clock Frequency is of 250 KHz.

♦ Data Format ( Coding ) : Non Return to Zero – Level ( NRZ-L ) Tribit encoded

data (I ,Q & C) Differential Encoded I & Q Bits.

♦ Carrier Modulation Techniques : Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, Differentially

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation.

♦ Switch Faults : 4 Nos.

♦ Power Supply : ± 5V and ± 12V.

♦ Test Points : Provided at various stages in the circuit to observe

the voltages and waveforms.

♦ Interconnections : 4 mm terminals are provided.

♦ Accessories : Set of 4 mm patchcords.

Instruction Manual.

EXPERIMENTS :

♦ To Study the Elements of 8-QAM / DQAM system.

♦ Tribit Coding Technique of NRZ-L data format.

♦ Differential Encoding of Data.

♦ 8-QAM Modulation technique.

♦ DQAM Modulation technique.

♦ To study of constellation Diagram of QAM.

♦ To study bandwidth efficiency in QAM techniques.

♦ Effect of Switch faults.

Specifications Are Subject To Change Due To Constant

Developments Without Any Prior Notice

DATA COMMUNICATION TRAINER 7540

DPCM/ADPCM Modulation & Demodulation Trainer 7535

Adtron’s 7535 is an Advance Digital Communication Trainer System that helps one understand various Digital Modulation and Demodulation Techniques. Various functional block diagrams are provided on-board as an aid for Teaching/Training. These Kits are provided with various Test Points to visualize the signals on Oscilloscopes. All ICS are mounted on IC Sockets. Bare board Tested Glass Epoxy PCB is used. Attractive Wooden enclosures of Light weight Pine Wood.

Features:

► Receiver Clock generated by PLL method

► Demodulation is done using PLL and Envelop Detector Method

► Switch faults are provided to study its effects on circuits

► Block Description screen printed on PCB

► In-Built Power Supply

TECHNICAL Specifications

► Carrier Sine Wave Generator : 1. Provides Sine waveform output using IC 74164.

2. Frequency of Sine wave is 500 Hz with variable Amplitude of max. 0-4Vp-p

► Data Clock Generator : 1. Jumper selectable clock with amplitude of 5V.

2. Clock of frequencies 64 KHz, 128 KHz, 256 KHz and 512KHz.

► Sampling Clock : 1. Sampling Clock is generated using IC 4016.

2. Sampling Clock Frequency of 16 KHz and Amplitude of 5V.

► On-board Features : 1. DPCM modulation using sampler, quantize and linear predictor.

2. Onboard Buffer is provided using LF353.

3. DPCM demodulation using linear predictor, Integrator and Low pass Filter

4. On-board Low pass filter using Tl084.

► Interconnections : 4 mm sockets.

► Test Points : 44 Aprrox.

► Power : 230V + 10% 50 Hz, 1 f AC.

► Accessories : a. Detailed Instruction Manual.

b. Set of Patch cords.

EXPERIMENTS:

1. To Study DPCM Modulation and Demodulation.

2. To Study ADPCM Modulation and Demodulation.

3. To Study Quantization Error.

4. To Study Voice Communication for DPCM/ ADPCM (Optional).

5. To Study Effect of Switch Faults.

QPSK/DQPSK Modulation & Demodulation Trainer 7533

Adtron’s 7533 is an Advance Digital Communication Trainer System that helps one understand various Digital Modulation and Demodulation Techniques. Various functional block diagrams are provided on-board as an aid for Teaching/Training. These Kits are provided with various Test Points to visualize the signals on Oscilloscopes. All ICS are mounted on IC Sockets. Bare board Tested Glass Epoxy PCB is used. Attractive Wooden enclosures of Light weight Pine Wood.

Features:

► Onboard Synchronized 500 KHz Sine wave generator.

► Differential Encoding type Data Format

► On-board crystal controlled Pulse Generator

► On board 8 bit Data Simulator

► Block Description screen printed on PCB

► In-Built Power Supply

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS :

► Carrier Sine Wave Generator : Synchronized Sine waveform output of 500 KHz (0 deg.), 500 KHz (90 deg.), 500 KHz (180 deg.), 500 KHz (270deg.) Amplitude of 0 – 4 Vp-p Provision for Amplitude Adjustments Provided.

► Data Format (Coding) : Dibit Pair (I & Q), Differential Encoding of I & Q Bits.

► Carrier Modulation Techniques : 1. DPSK modulation

2. DQPSK modulation

► Carrier Demodulation Techniques : 1. DPSK Demodulation /

2. DQPSK Demodulation

► Pulse Generator : Clock frequency of 250 KHZ BIT, BIT Clock, Word Clock. Crystal Controlled Pulse Generator.

► On-board features :

1. On board 8 bit variable NRZ-L pattern Data Simulator

2. Switch Faults are provided on board to study different effects on circuit

3. Block Description Screen printed on glassy epoxy PCB

4. Receiver Clock generated by PLL method

5. Switch Faults are provided on board to study different effects on circuit

6. Block Description Screen printed on glassy epoxy PCB

► Interconnections : 4 mm sockets.

► Test Points : 51

► Power : 230V + 10% 50 Hz, 1 f AC.

► Accessories : a. Detailed Instruction Manual.

b. Set of Patch cords.

EXPERIMENTS:

1. Principles of advance digital modulation techniques.

2. Differential Encoding of Data.

3. Binary Phase Shift Keying Modulation / Demodulation technique.

4. Differential Phase Shift Keying Modulation / Demodulation technique.

5. Differentially Encoded Phase Shift Keying Modulation / Demodulation technique.

6. Effect of Switch Faults.

BPSK/DEPSK/DPSK Modulation & Demodulation Trainer 7532

Adtron’s 7532 is a Advance Digital Communication Trainer System that helps one understand various Digital Modulation and Demodulation Techniques. Various functional block diagrams are provided on-board as an aid for Teaching/Training. These Kits are provided with various Test Points to visualize the signals on Oscilloscopes. All ICS are mounted on IC Sockets. Bare board Tested Glass Epoxy PCB is used. Attractive Wooden enclosures of Light weight Pine Wood.

Features:

► Onboard Synchronized 500 KHz Sine wave generator.

► Differential Encoding type Data Format

► On-board crystal controlled Pulse Generator

► On board 8 bit Data Simulator

► Block Description screen printed on PCB

► In-Built Power Supply

TECHNICAL Specifications

► Carrier Sine Wave Generator : Synchronized Sine waveform output of 500 KHz (0 deg.), 500 KHz (180 deg.)

► Clock and Data Generator : 1. 8 bit variable NRZ-L pattern generated depending on the position of the 8-dit Data Switch provided.

2. Clock Frequency is of 250 KHz.

► Data Format (Coding) : 1. Non Return to Zero-Level (NRZ-L)

2. Differential Encoded NRZ-L.

► Carrier Modulation Techniques : 1. BPSK Modulation

2. DPSK Modulation

3. DEPSK Modulation

► On-Board Features : 1. Square Looping Technique used in Demodulation section

2. Switch Faults are provided on board to study different effects on circuit

3. Block Description Screen printed on glassy epoxy PCB

► Interconnections : 4 mm sockets.

► Test Points : 24.

► Power : 230V + 10% 50 Hz, 1 f AC.

► Accessories : a. Detailed Instruction Manual.

b. Set of Patch cords.

EXPERIMENTS:

1. Principles of advance digital modulation techniques.

2. Differential Encoding of Data.

3. Binary Phase Shift Keying Modulation / Demodulation technique.

4. Differential Phase Shift Keying Modulation / Demodulation technique.

5. Differentially Encoded Phase Shift Keying Modulation / Demodulation technique.

6. Effect of Switch Faults.

CDMA MODULATION AND DEMODULATION TRAINER (DSSS / FHSS) MODEL – 7530

CDMA (DSSS and FHSS) Model 7530 is a comprehensive training solution for technology people, who want to explore the basics behind Code Division Multiple Access. The implementation of CDMA into practical life is so vast and intricate that it becomes really tough for beginners to get a feel of the real technology implementation. Main aims to provide this feel of technology and gives necessary understanding of the CDMA multiplexing.

♦ Features

♦ On-board data generators and PRN sequence generators

♦ BCD rotary switches for Data Selection

♦ Tap selectable PN sequence generators

♦ Multiple data rate and chip rate selection

♦ Variable processing gain selection

♦ Slow and Fast frequency hopping demonstration

♦ PN sequence driven Frequency synthesizer with non-overlapping frequency channel assignment

♦ major blocks :

♦ Data generators 1

♦ Data generators 2

♦ PN sequence 1

♦ PN sequence 2

♦ Clock Generator

♦ DSSS Modulator 1

♦ DSSS Modulator 2

♦ Frequency Synthesizer 1

♦ Frequency Synthesizer 2

♦ FHSS Modulator 1

♦ FHSS Modulator 2

♦ Mixer

♦ DSSS Demodulator

♦ Technical Specifications

♦ Mains Supply :

♦ Mains Supply : 230 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz

♦ Data Source

♦ Data rate : 16Kbps, 8 Kbps, 4Kbps

♦ World Length : 8 bits

♦ Data Format : NRZ (Non Return to Zero)

♦ PN Sequence Generators

♦ Chip Clock : 240 KHz, 120 KHz, 60 KHz, 16KHz, 8KHz, 4KHz.

♦ Sequence type : Maximal length sequence

♦ Sequence patterns : Selectable through feedback taps in LFSR.

♦ BFSK frequencies : 100 KHz for mark and 50 KHz for space

♦ Frequency synthesizer O/P : Sinusoidal

♦ Frequency synthesizer frequencies : 1.6 MHz, 1.4 MHz, 800 KHz, 400KHz.

♦ Hopping channels : Four

♦ No. of hops per data period : Variable (selectable for slow and fast hopping)

♦ Mains Supply : 5V, 12 V DC, 200 mA

♦ Test Points : 44 nos.(Gold plated) BNC to BNC

♦ Accessories : 1. Patch cord.

Manual.

♦ Experiments :

♦ Study of Data and PN Sequence

♦ Study of Pseudo-Random Noise (PRN) Sequence

♦ Study of Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

♦ Study of CDMA-DSSS technique

♦ Study of BFSK modulation and demodulation Technique

♦ Study of Frequency hopping spread spectrum

SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE DUE TO CONSTANT

DEVELOPMENTS WITHOUT ANY PRIOR NOTICE

Line Coding & Decoding Trainer 7529

Adtron’s 7529-30 is a Advance Digital Communication Trainer System that helps one understand various Digital coding and Decoding Techniques. Various functional block diagrams are provided on-board as an aid for Teaching/Training. These Kits are provided with various Test Points to visualize the signals on Oscilloscopes. All ICS are mounted on IC Sockets. Bare board Tested Glass Epoxy PCB is used. Attractive Wooden enclosures of Light weight Pine Wood.

FEATURES

Simulation Eight bit data generator.

► Unipolar to RZ, Pripolar to RZ, Pripolar to NRZ, and split phase Manchester Encoding and Decoding.

► Variable eight bit data.

► These kits are provided with various Test Points to visualize the signals on oscilloscopes.

► Set of patch cords.

► Housed in wooden enclosures of Light weight Pine Wood.

► Strongly supported by a comprehensive instruction manual complete with theory and operating details.

Mobile Phone Trainer 7526

SPECIFICATIONS

► Cellular System : EGSM / GSM 900

► Rx frequency band : EGSM 925, 960MHz, GSM 900, 935, 960Mhz.

► Tx Frequency band : EGSM 880, 890MHz GSM900, 890, 915MHz.

► Output Power : +5, +33dBm / 3.2mw—2W.

► Channel spacing : 200Khz

► Antenna : Loop type 50W

► Display : 84x48pixels.

► On board sections : Antenna keypad SIM charging circuit clock.

► User interface such as buzzer, vibrator and LED’s .

► No. of test points : 41

► No. of switched fault : 25.

► Features that can be set : Screen savers ring tones logos SMS etc.

► Accessories : Battery mains cord. Manual hands free kit CD containing Mobile phone working presentation.

► Power Supply : 220V + 10%, 50Hz/60Hz on request.

► Power consumption : 3.6VA (Approx.)

► Fuse : 1.5Amps.

FEATURES

► GSM Capacity : GSM 900/1800EGSM, GSM data services Asynchronous transparent & non transparent.

► Modes : 14.4Kbits/s

► SIM interface : 3V.

RF Characteristics :

Receiver :

►          EGSM sensitivity : < -104dBm
►          DCS sensitivity : < -102dBm
►          Selectivity @ 200Khz : >+9dBc
►          Selectivity @ 400Khz : >+41dBc.
►          Dynamic range : 63dB
►          Intermodulation : >-43dBm
►          C-channel rejection : > 9dBc

Transmitter :

►          Maximum output power    :    33dBm +2dB (EGSM).
►          Maximum output power    :    30dBm +2dB (DCS)
►          Maximum output power    :    5dBm +5dB (EGSM)
►          Maximum output power    :    0dBm +5dB (DCS 1800)
                                                                          Noise in 925-935MHz <-67dBm
                                                                          Noise in 935-960MHz <-79dBm
                                                                          Noise in 1805 –1880 Mhz <- 71dBm]
                                                                          Phase error at peak power <5deg.
                                                                          RMS.
►          Frequency error                    :    0.1ppm max
►          Power Supply                          :    9V
►          Current consummation      :    Max 500mA

GSM Trainer 7525

FEATURES
► Based on 89C51 family based processor

► 40×2 LCD for Display interface and Keyboard entry through IBM
PC Keyboard

► Uses Q2403A Wismo Quick Modules to interface it with
microcontroller

► It has hardware block for doing various experiments

► Mic input with conditioning circuit

► Audio output on Headset

► Keyboard matrix (5×4) for scanning the key codes

► With LCD of 40×2

► SIM socket

► Buzzer
► Understanding of various functions with the use of AT commands

► Various SIM signals like Card Read, Card Clock, Card Presence,
Card Data are available for debugging

► With buzzer provides for incoming call

► External antenna for capturing the incoming signal

► Various examples using AT commands are given for Phone
dialing, SMS Read, Write, Phone book, ADC, General purpose I/O lines, Keyboard interface to Modem are given

► Modem can operate through PC as well as standalone system
directly

► In-built power supply

GSM PARAMETERS

► Multiple Access Method -TDMA / FDMA

► Uplink frequencies (MHz) -933-960 (basic GSM)

► Downlink frequencies (MHz) -890-915 (basic GSM)

► Duplexing -FDD

► Channel spacing, kHz -200

► Modulation -GMSK

► Portable TX power, maximum / average (mW) -1000 / 125

► Power control, handset and BSS -Yes

► Speech coding and rate (kbps) -RPE-LTP / 13

► Speech Channels per RF channel: -8

► Channel rate (kbps) -270.833

► Channel coding -Rate 1/2 convolutional

► Frame duration (ms) -4.615

GPS Trainer 7524

FEATURES :

► Channels : 12

► Frequency : L1 C/A

► Position Accuracy : 25 meters CEP without SA or higher

► Velocity Accuracy : 0.1 meters/second without SA

► Time Accuracy : 60 ns RMS

► Update rate : 1 Hz

► Ultra high sensitivity : -175dBm or better

► Low power consumption : Max [email protected] Vcc

► Serial Communication : 4800 Baud (default) user selectable

► NMEA-0183 compliant protocol or custom protocol

► Speed : Max 515m/s

► Jerk : 20 meters/sec-3 max.

► Extremely fast TTFF at low signal level

► Built in high gain LNA

► Operating voltage : 2.85V to 3.3V

► Operating temperature range : -40° to 65°

► SMD type with stamp holes

► Small form factor: 25x25x3.0mm

► RoHS compliant (Lead-free)

SPECIFICATION :

► Receiver Type : L1 frequency band, C/A code, 12-channels

► Sensitivity : Tracking : -154dBm

Acquisition : -140dBm

► Accuracy : Position : 10m RMS without SA

Velocity : 0.1m/s without SA

Timing (PPS) : 60ns RMS

► Acquisition Time : Cold Start : 38s

Warm Start : 33s

Hot Start : 4s

Re-Acquisition : <1s

► Power Consumption : Tracking : 35mA @3V Vcc

Acquisition : 40mA

Standby : 5mA

► Navigation Data Update Rate : 1Hz

► Operational Limits : Altitude: Max 18,000m

► Velocity : Max 515m/s

► Acceleration : Less than 4g

► SOFTWARE FOR CONVERTING GPS DATA TO AUTOCAD

FEATURES

► Download and upload selected points from / to GPS / AutoCAD or IntelliCAD.

► Download / upload Tracks and Routes from / to GPS receiver.

► Built in coordinate systems, ellipsoids and geodesic datums.

► Create new coordinate systems

► Transform between coordinate systems.

► Calculate distance and azimuth from active point.

► Magellan and Garmin GPS support.

► Insert new points, edit and delete selected points.

► Import /export from / to text file, Excel, ESRI Shape, GPX file.

► Maintenance of Windows Vista

► Additional functions of export: (Export to KML, KMZ, Excel, DXF).

► Additional functions of import: (Import from KML, KMZ, Excel, DXF).

► Released function to view selected points in these platforms: ( Virtual Earth, Yahoo Maps, Google, Earth, Google Maps).

► Released function to view the route between selected points in these platforms: ( Virtual Earth, Google Maps).

► GPS / CAD Converter allows you to download and upload selected points to and from GPS and AutoCAD.

► Import and export from / to text file, Excel, ESRI Shape, GPX file and much more.

GSM/GPRS Trainer 7523

FEATURES :

► Based on 89C51 family based processor.

► 40×2 LCD for Display interface and Keyboard entry through IBM PC Keyboard.

► Uses Q2403A Wismo Quick Modules to interface it with microcontroller.

► It has hardware block for doing various experiments.

► Mic input with conditioning circuit.

► Audio output on Headset.

► Keyboard matrix (5×4) for scanning the key codes.

► With LCD of 40×2.

► SIM socket.

► Buzzer.

► Understanding of various functions with the use of AT commands.

► Various SIM signals like Card Read, Card Clock, Card Presence, Card Data are available for debugging.

► With buzzer provides for incoming call.

► External antenna for capturing the incoming signal.

► Various examples using AT commands are given for Phone dialing, SMS Read, Write, Phone book, ADC,

General purpose I/O lines, Keyboard interface to Modem are given.

► Modem can operate through PC as well as standalone system directly

► In-built power supply

GSM Parameters :

► Multiple Access Method -TDMA / FDMA

► Uplink frequencies (MHz) -933-960 (basic GSM)

► Downlink frequencies (MHz) -890-915 (basic GSM)

► Duplexing -FDD

► Channel spacing, KHz -200

► Modulation -GMSK

► Portable TX power, maximum / average (mW) -1000 / 125

► Power control, handset and BSS -Yes

► Speech coding and rate (kbps) -RPE-LTP / 13

► Speech Channels per RF channel: -8

► Channel rate (kbps) -270.833

► Channel coding -Rate 1/2 convolution

► Frame duration (ms) -4.615

QAM/DQAM Modulation & Demodulation Kit 7521

SALIENT FEATURES :

The QAM/DQAM Modulation Trainer helps the student to learn the concepts in QAM/DQAM generation and its application. The circuit comprises of a Carrier sine wave generator, a NRZ L data generator, Clock and data generator, QAM/DQAM Modulator Circuit and the required power supply. The circuit is housed in an elegant cabinet with a well spread intelligently designed circuit layout on the front panel and is strongly supported by a comprehensive instruction manual.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS :

► Carrier Sine Wave Generator : Four carrier sine waves Generated onboard Provides synchronized Sine waveform output of 500KHz (0 deg.), 500KHz (90 deg.), 500KHz(180 deg.),500KHz(270 deg.).

► Clock and Data Generator : – 24 bit variable NRZ-L pattern generated depending on the position of the three nos. of 8-dit Data Switch provided Clock Frequency is of 250 KHz.

► Data Format ( Coding ) : Non Return to Zero – Level ( NRZ-L ) Tribit encoded data (I ,Q & C) Differential Encoded I & Q Bits.

► Carrier Modulation Techniques : Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, Differentially Quadrature Amplitude Modulation.

► Switch Faults : 4 Nos.

► Power Supply : ± 5V and ± 12V.

► Test Points : Provided at various stages in the circuit to observe the voltages and waveforms.

► Interconnections : 4 mm terminals are provided.

► Accessories : ► Set of 4 mm patchcords.

► Instruction Manual.

EXPERIMENTS :

► To Study the Elements of 8-QAM / DQAM system.

► Tribit Coding Technique of NRZ-L data format.

► Differential Encoding of Data.

► 8-QAM Modulation technique.

► DQAM Modulation technique.

► To study of constellation Diagram of QAM.

► To study bandwidth efficiency in QAM techniques.

► Effect of Switch faults.

Frequency Division Mux / Demux Trainer 7520

► Two channel FDM with one channel as audio

► Study & demonstrate the carrier generation, AM, DSBSC Modulation

► Study DSBSC demodulation.

► On board carrier generator and two variable frequency audio oscillator

► On board DSBSC modulator adder, DSBSC demodulator, low pass filter, output amplifier

► Microphone and headphones provided

► Detailed instruction manual

Technical Specifications

► Channels : Two channel FDM

► Carrier Generators : Two sine wave generators a. 100 KHz & b. 200 KHz

► Modulating Input Frequencies : Two separate sine wave generators of 1 KHz – 10 KHz ( variable frequency and variable amplitude )

► Modulators : Two DSBSC ( Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier ) Modulators

► Demodulators : Two DSBSC ( Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier ) Demodulators

► LowPass Filters : Two separate fourth order low pass butterworth filters with a cut of frequency of 10 KHz

► Output Amplifier : One output amplifier with a gain of 20

► Test Points : 46

► Interconnection : 4 mm banana socket

► Power Requirement : 230V + 10 %, 50 Hz AC

► Accessories : 1. Detailed Instructions Manual

2. Set of Twelve patch cords

3. One Microphone

4. One Headphone

Experiments Possible :

1. Two channel FDM with one channel as audio.

2. Study & demonstrate the carrier generation, AM, DSBSC Modulation.

3. Study DSBSC demodulation.

Fiber Optic Trainer (PC to PC Communication ) 7519C

► Two channel FDM with one channel as audio

► Study & demonstrate the carrier generation, AM, DSBSC Modulation

► Study DSBSC demodulation.

► On board carrier generator and two variable frequency audio oscillator

► On board DSBSC modulator adder, DSBSC demodulator, low pass filter, output amplifier

► Microphone and headphones provided

► Detailed instruction manual

The Frequency Division Multiplexing / Demultiplexing Model FDMD1 is a versatile self contained stand alone unit consisting of two channel Frequency Division Multiplexer & Demultiplexer. It is useful in the study and demonstration of carrier generation, amplifier, modulation, DSBSC modulation and DSBSC demodulation. The unit is housed in an elegant cabinet with a well spread intelligently designed circuit layout on front panel. Test points are provided at various stages in the circuit to observe the waveforms and voltages. It is strongly supported by a comprehensive instruction manual complete with theory and operating details.

Technical Specifications

► Channels : Two channel FDM

► Carrier Generators : Two sine wave generators a. 100 KHz & b. 200 KHz

► Modulating Input Frequencies : Two separate sine wave generators of 1 KHz – 10 KHz ( variable frequency and variable amplitude )

► Modulators : Two DSBSC ( Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier ) Modulators

► Demodulators : Two DSBSC ( Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier ) Demodulators

► Low Pass Filters : Two separate fourth order low pass butterworth filters with a cut of frequency of 10 KHz

► Output Amplifier : One output amplifier with a gain of 20

► Test Points : 46

► Interconnection : 4 mm banana socket

► Power Requirement : 230V + 10 %, 50 Hz AC

► Accessories : 1. Detailed Instructions Manual

2. Set of Twelve patch cords

3. One Microphone

4. One Headphone

Experiments Possible :

1. Two channel FDM with one channel as audio.

2. Study & demonstrate the carrier generation, AM, DSBSC Modulation.

3. Study DSBSC demodulation.

Fiber Optic Trainer 7519

Adtron’s Fiber Optics Trainer Model – 7519 is designed to learn the basics of Fiber Optics. The trainer demonstrates properties of Fiber Optic Transmitter & Receiver, Characteristics of Fiber Optic Cable and different types of Modulation / Demodulation techniques.

A large number of experiments are included in the workbook and many more can be performed using the trainer. The trainer can also be used to demonstrate various Digital Communication techniques via Fiber Optic link using other Digital Communication Trainers.

► Simplex Analog & Digital Trans Receiver.

► Single Module covering large number of experiments including experiments with optical power meter ( optional ).

► 660 nm channel with Transmitter & Receiver.

► AM – FM – PWM Modulation / Demodulation.

► On – board Function Generator.

► Crystal Controlled Clock.

► Functional Blocks indicated on – board mimic.

► Input / Output and test points provided on board.

► On – board voice link.

► Built – in DC power supply.

► Numerical aperture measurement jig and mandrel for bending loss are included.

► Switched faults on Transmitter & Receiver.

► Detailed instruction manual consists of student workbook & operating manual containing theory of Fiber Optics Technology, Experiments and Glossary of Fiber Optics Terms.

The manual consists of the following chapters :

► Introduction to Fiber Optics.

► Theory of Fiber Optics.

► Optical Fiber Communications System.

► Advantages of Fiber Optic System.

► Characteristics of Optical Fiber.

► Glossary of Fiber Optic Terms.

Experiments That can be Performed :

► Setting up Fiber Optic Analog Link.

► Setting up Fiber Optic Digital Link.

► AM system using Analog Input Signal.

► AM system using Digital Input Signal.

► Frequency Modulation System.

► Pulse Width Modulation System.

► Study of Propagation Loss in Optical Fiber.

► Study of Bending Loss.

► Measurement of Numerical Aperture.

► Characteristics of E – O Converter ( LED ).

► Characteristics of Fiber Optic Communication Link.

► Measurement of Optical Power Using Optical Power Meter.

► Characteristics of E – O Converter Using Optical Power Meter.

► Measurement of propagation loss in optical fiber using optical power meter.

► Setting of fiber optic voice link using amplitude modulation.

► Setting of fiber optic voice link using frequency modulation.

► Setting of fiber optic voice link using PWM.

► Study of Switched Fault in AM system.

► Study of Switched Fault in FM system.

► Study of Switched Fault in PWM system.

Technical Specifications :

► Transmitter : 01 no, Fiber Optic LED having peak wave length of emission 660 nm.

► Receiver : 01 no, Fiber Optic Photodetector.

► Modulation Techniques : 1. AM. 2. FM. 3. PWM.

► Drivers : 01 no. with Analog & Digital modes.

► PLL Detector : 01 no.

► Comparator : 01 no.

► Filters : 01 no. 4^th Order Butterworth, 3.4 KHz cut off frequency.

► Analog Bandwidth : 350 KHz.

► Digital Bandwidth : 2.5 MHz.

► Function Generator : 1. 1 KHz Sinewave ( amplitude adjustable ).

2. 1 KHz Square Wave ( TTL ).

► Voice Link : F.O. voice link using microphone & speaker ( built – in ).

► Switched Faults : 08 nos. viz., 4 in transmitter & 4 in receiver.

► Fiber Optic Cable : 02 nos. of different lengths. Connector Type Standard SMA.

► Cable Type : Step indexed multimode PMMA plastic cable.

► Core Refractive Index : 1.492.

► Clad Refractive Index : 1.406.

► Numerical Aperture : Better than 0.5.

► Acceptance Angle : Better than 60 deg.

► Fiber Diameter : 1000 microns.

► Outer Diameter : 2.2 min.

► Fiber Length : 0.5 m & 1 m.

► Test Points : 41.

► Interconnections : 4 mm sockets.

► Power Supply : 230 V + 10 %, 50 Hz.

► Accessories Included : Detailed Instruction Manual, NA measurement jig, mandrel, Fiber Cables (0.5m & 1m), Microphone, Headphone, Set of Patch Cords.

Audio Input / Output Trainer 7517/18

Salient feature :

► Consist of both Audio Input & Audio Output section

► Converts audio input signal from mic / tape

► AF electrical signal & vice versa.

► On – board variable gain audio amplifier, LP filter & necessary DC supply.

► On – board variable volume control, speaker with ON / OFF and necessary DC supply.

► Microphone & headphone are provided.

► Useful to feed speech / music as audio input to various Adtron communication.

► trainer & covered signal from only Adtron communication trainer & Audio Output

Technical Specifications :

Audio Input Section

► Input : Microphone / tape recorder ( selectable ).

► Input Impedance : a. 600 ( Microphone socket ).

b. 100 K ( Tape socket ).

► Voltage Gain : Adjustable.

► Filter : 4th order Low Pass Filter ( 3.4 KHz cut off ).

Audio output Section

► Output : Loudspeaker & Headphone ( selectable ).

► Input Impedance : 47 K.

► Output Volume : Adjustable.

► Speakers : 2.5”, 8 , 0.3 W.

► Headphone Socket : 3.5 mm stereo jack.

► Interconnection : 4mm socket.

► Power Requirement : 230V + 10 %, 50 Hz, 1  AC.

► Accessories : a. Detailed Instructions Manual.

b. Microphone.

c. Headphone

d. Set of Patch cords

PAM PWM PPM Modulation & Demodulation Trainer 7516

The trainer provides all necessary inputs and connections for students to study signal Pulse Amplitude Modulation / Pulse Width Modulation / Pulse Position Modulation techniques. It provides to examine sampling, modulation, Demodulation and signal reconstruction.

Features :

► All types of Modulation Demodulation techniques using natural & flat top sampling.

► Pulse Amplitude Modulation

► Pulse Width Modulation

► Pulse Position Modulation

► Analog sampled outputs & sampled ‘hold’ outputs.

► Selectable 4 different sampling frequency from on-board Pulse Generator.

► 4 different on-board sine-wave generator

► Voice Communication using dynamic mic & speaker

► 4^th order butterworth LP filter.

► 8 Switch Fault

► On – board Filter & AC amplifier

Technical Specification

1. On Board Sampling Frequency : 4 KHz, 8KHz, 16KHz, 32KHz .

2. Modulation : 1. Pulse Amplitude Modulation

2. Pulse Width Modulation

3. Pulse Position Modulation

3. On – board Sine Wave Generator : 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1 KHz, 2 KHz

( Variable Amplitude 0-4 V.p-p).

4. Voice Communication : Voice link using Dynamic Mic & Speaker

5. Low Pass filter cut – off freq. : 3.4 KHz / 4^th order butterworth LP filter.

6. Power Requirement : 230V + 10% 50 Hz.

7. Dimensions : a. Manuals

b. Set of patch cords.

c. Line cord.

8. AC Amplifier : with adjustable gain control

9. D.C. Output : 0 – 4 V ( Variable )

10. Interconnection : 4mm Bannana Socket.

11. Test point : 29.

Experiment that can be performed :

1. Study of pulse amplitude modulation & demodulation using natural sampling & flat top.

2. Study of pulse amplitude modulation & demodulation using flat top sampling.

3. Study of pulse width modulation & Demodulation using natural & flat top sampling / with different frequency.

4. Study of pulse position modulation & Demodulation using natural sampling / DC & AC modulating signal.

5. Study of Voice Communication using PAM & PWM techniques.

Data Reconditioning and Carrier Demodulation Receiver Trainer 7515

Data conditioning and carrier modulation is done it can be demodulated and reformatted by using this trainer.

Features :

► 7 different data reconditioning formats ( NRZ ( M ), RZ, AMI, RB Biphase ( Manchester ), Biphase ( Mark ), Differentially encoded dibit to NRZ data ).

► FSK, PSK, ASK & QPSK carrier demodulation.

► Output gives 2 channels TDM multiplexed data output.

► On – board biphase clock recovery circuit.

► On – board data squaring circuit and differential decoder.

► On – board butterworth filters 4^th order ( 02 nos. ).

Technical Specification

1. Input : From Transmission Trainer.

2. Output : 2 channel TDM multiplexed data stream.

3. Reconditioning Options : ( NRZ ( M ), RZ, AMI, RB Biphase ( Manchester ), Biphase ( Mark ), Differentially encoded dibit to NRZ ( L ).

4. Carrier Demodulation : 1. ASK Rectifier diode. 2. FSK PLL detector. 3. PSK Square loop detector 4. QPSK Fourth power loop det.

5. Biphase clock recovery : By PLL.

6. Test Points : 54.

7. Interconnections : 4 mm sockets.

10. Power : 230V + 10% 50 Hz.

11. Accessories : a. Manuals

b. Set of patch cords.

c. Line cord.

Experiment that can be performed :

1. Study of conversion of different data formats to NRZ data format.

2. Study of various carrier demodulation techniques ( ASK, FSK, PSK & QPSK ).

Data Conditioning and Carrier Modulation Transmitter Trainer 7514

In digital communication data formatting is very important. The available data stream from PCM transmitter is converted into different formats best suited to individual transmission system. Various formats are covered in this trainer. Also to transmit the digital information the digital information carrier modulation is necessary. Various modulation techniques are also covered in this trainer.

This trainer requires TDM pulse modulation transmitter trainer for input of the digital data.

Features :

► On – board carrier generation circuit ( sine wave synchronized to transmitted data ).

► On – board inphase and quadrature phase carrier for QPSK modulation.

► Different data conditioning formats NRZ ( L ), NRZ ( M ), RZ, Biphase ( Manchester ), Biphase ( Mark ), MAI, RB Differentially encoded dibit pair.

► FSK, PSK, ASK & QPSK carrier modulation.

► Variable carrier and modulation offset.

► Variable carrier gain.

► On – board unipolar to bipolar conversion.

► On – board data inverter.

Technical Specification

1. Input : Two channel time division multiplexed data.

2. Data formats : NRZ ( L ), NRZ ( M ), RZ, Biphase ( Manchester ), Biphase ( Mark ), MAI, RB Differentially encoded dibit pair.

3. Carrier Modulation : FSK, PSK, ASK & QPSK carrier modulation.

4. On – board : Sinewaves synchronized to transmitted data at 1.44 MHz 960 KHz (0⁰ phase) 960 KHz (90⁰ phase)

6. Test Points : 38.

7. Interconnections : 4 mm sockets.

10. Power : 230V + 10% 50 Hz.

11. Accessories : a. Manuals

b. Set of patch cords.

c. Line cord.

Experiment that can be performed :

1. Study of conversion of NRZ ( L ), NRZ ( M ), RZ, Biphase ( Manchester ), Biphase ( Mark ), MAI, RB Differentially encoded dibit pair.

2. Study of following carrier modulation techniques and their comparison ASK, FSK, PSK & QPSK.

Delta, Adaptive Delta and Delta Sigma Modulation & Demodulation Trainer 7513

In digital communication specially operating at low frequencies or speech, communication a saving in bandwidth can be result using delta modulation and its associated techniques because this requires single bit encoding of sample This trainer covers delta, adaptive delta and delta sigma modulation & Demodulation.

Features :

► Both transmitter and receiver on same board.

► Clock generation from crystal.

► 4 Switch selectable sampling rates.

► 4 on – board generators at 4 different frequencies ( synchronized ).

► Separate adjustable DC level.

► Selectable integrator gain setting by ( switch or control circuit ).

► On – board 4^th order butterworth LP filter.

► Unipolar to bipolar conversion on board.

Technical Specification

1. Crystal Frequency : 4.096 MHz.

2. Sampling Frequencies : 32 KHz, 64 KHz, 128 KHz, 256 KHz ( switch selectable )

3. On – board generator : Synchronized & adjustable amplitude sine wave generator at 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1 KHz, 2 KHz, separate variable D.C. level

4. Integrator : 4 integrator gain settings normally x2, x4 & x8.

5. LP Filter : 4^th order butterworth ( 3.4 KHz cut off ).

6. Test Points : 59.

7. Interconnections : 4 mm sockets.

10. Power : 230V + 10% 50 Hz.

11. Accessories : a. Manuals

b. Set of patch cords.

c. Line cord.

Experiment that can be performed :

1. a. Study of delta modulation & demodulation.

b. Study of effect of slope overload and increased integrator gain in delta modulation.

2. Study of adaptive delta modulation & demodulation.

3. a. Study of delta sigma modulation & demodulation.

b. Study of amplitude overload in delta sigma modulation.

TDM Pulse Code Demodulation Receiver Trainer 7512

The trainer provides all necessary inputs and connections for students to study decoding and demultiplexing of data by PCM transmitter. On – board PLL provides regeneration of clock. Synchronization between transmitter and receiver is provided by Pseudo random code.

Features :

► Input accepts two channel multiplexed data.

► On – board demultiplexed PCM receiver.

► On – Board LP filter.

► Fast and slow operation of real time operation and examination of control signal and data a LED.

► On – board PLL for clock regeneration.

► On – board sync code detector.

► Error check code options

1. Odd or even parity single bit error detection.

2. Hamming code single bit error detection and correction.

► 4 switched faults allow different error check code options.

Technical Specifications

1. Input Channels : 2 TDM serial input.

2. Demodulation : Pulse Code demodulation.

3. Clock : Regeneration by PLL.

4. Low Pass Filter : Butterworth 4^th order 3.4 KHz cut – off frequency ( 02 nos ).

5. Operating Speed : Fast 16 KHz / channel ; slow 68 MHz / channel.

6. Error detection : Off -odd-even parity, hamming code.

7. Error correction : Hamming code

8. Power : 230V ± 10% 50 Hz.

9. Accessories : a. Manuals.

b. Set of Patch cords.

c. Line cord.

10. Test point : 56.

Experiment that can be performed

1. Study of pulse code demodulation technique.

2. Study of A / D converter.

3. Study of Parallel to serial data conversation.

4. Study of synchronization by Pseudo random code.

5. Study of error check code with switched faults operation.

a. sync, clock, data, lines, connected.

b. Clock, data connected.

c. Data only.

6. Study of effect of induced faults.

7. Study of time Division Demultiplexing & PCM data.

8. Study of clock Regeneration by PLL.

9. Study of importance of Clock and form synchornisation in PCM system

TDM Pulse Code Modulation Transmitter Trainer 7511

The trainer provides all necessary inputs and connections for students to study experiment PCM transmission techniques. A communication link can be established by using PCM receiver.

Features :

► Crystal controlled Clock.

► On – board Sine Generator ( synchronised ).

► 2 TDM analog channels.

► PCM transmitter

► Fast and slow modes for real time operation and data flow examination.

► Error check code options ( odd even parity hamming code ).

► ( 4 ) 2 switched faults allow error check code options.

Technical Specifications

1. Crystal Frequency : 12 MHz

2. On – Board generators : 1. Adjustable amplitude sine generator of 1 & 2 KHz frequency ( synchronized )

2. Variable amplitude DC level ( 02 Nos )

3. Analog Input Channels : Two.

4. Modulation : Pulse Code Modulation.

5. Sync Signal : Pseudo random sync code generator.

6. Error checking code : Off odd even hamming.

7. Operating Mode : Fast 16 KHz / channel ( approx ) slow 68 MHz /channel ( approx )

8. Test Point : 49.

9. Interconnections : 4 mm sockets.

10. Power : 230V ± 10% 50 Hz.

11. Accessories : a. Manuals.

b. Set of Patch cords.

c. Line cord.

12. Multiplexing : Time Division Multiplexing

Experiment that can be performed

1. Study of pulse code modulation technique.

2. Study of A / D converter.

3. Study of Parallel to serial data conversation.

4. Study of synchronization by Pseudo random code.

5. Study of error check code with switched faults operation.

a. sync, clock, data, lines, connected.

b. Clock, data connected.

c. Data only.

6. Study of effect of induced faults.

7. Study of Time Division Multiplexing of PCM data.

TDM Pulse Amplitude Modulation & Demodulation Trainer 7510

The trainer provides all necessary inputs and connections for students to study signal Pulse Amplitude Modulation / Demodulation techniques. Time division multiplexing and demultiplexing of signals and signal reconstruction.

Features :

► Crystal controlled Clock.

► On – board Sine Generator ( synchronised ).

► On – board Pulse Generator.

► 4 Analog input channels sampled and time division multiplexed.

► Pulse Duty Cycle Selectable

► Internal / External sampling selectable

► 4 channel demutiplexer

► Generation of clock at receiver by PLL system.

► 4^th order butterworth L. P. filters.

► 5 Selectable Sampling Frequency.

Technical Specifications

1. Crystal Frequency : 6.4 MHz

2. Analog Input Channels : 4.

3. Multiplexing : Time Division Multiplexing.

4. Modulation : Pulse Amplitude Modulation.

5. On Board Analog Signal : 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1 KHz, 2KHz ( sine wave synchronized to sampling pulse adjustable amplitude and separate variable DC level ).

6. Sampling Rate : 16 KHz / channel.

7. Sampling Pulse : With duty cycle variable from 0-90% in decade steps.

8. Clock Regeneration receiver : Using PLL.

9. Low Pass filter cut-off freq. : 3.4 KHz.

10. Test Point : 52.

11. Power : 230V ± 10% 50 Hz.

12. Accessories : a. Manuals.

b. Set of Patch cords.

c. Line cord.

13. Interconnection : 4mm Sockets

Experiment that can be performed

1. Study of pulse amplitude modulation technique.

2. Study of time division multiplexing and demultiplexing.

3. Study of PLL as freq. mutiplier to generate clock from sync signal.

4. Study of three modes of operation to regenerate original signal.

a. 3 connections ( clock, sync, information ) between transmitter and receiver.

b. 2 connections ( information, sync ) clock generated at receiver.

c. 1 connection ( information only ) clock and sync derived at receiver.

5. Study of effect of varying duty cycle of sampling pulse and signal reconstruction.

Analog Signal Sampling and Reconstruction Trainer 7509

The trainer provides all necessary inputs and connections for students to study analog signal sampling and reconstruction techniques.

Features :

1. Crystal controlled Pulse Generator.

2. Demonstration Sampling and Reconstruction as per Nyquist criterion

3. On – board Analog Generator ( synchronised )

4. 5 Selectable Sampling frequencies

5. Selectable Sampling Pulse Duty Cycle.

6. Selectable Internal / External sampling input.

7. Separate sample and sample / hold outputs

8. On – board 2^nd order and 4^th order L. P. filters.

Technical Specifications

1. Crystal Frequency : 6.4 MHz

2. Sampling Frequency : 2,4,8,16 & 32 KHz ( switch selectable ).

3. On – Board Generator : Synchronized 1 KHz sine wave ( 5V pp ).

4. Duty Cycle : 0-90% in decade steps ( switch selectable ).

5. L. P. Filters : Butterworth 2^nd & 4^th Order filter ; cut-off frequency 3.4 KHz.

6. Test Point : 51.

7. Interconnections : 4 mm sockets

8. Power : 230V ± 10% 50 Hz.

9. Accessories : a. Manuals.

b. Set of Patch cords.

Experiment that can be performed

1. Study of analog signal Sampling and Sampling & Reconstruction Technique.

2. Study of aliasing & effect on Reconstruction of signal due to various Sampling Frequencies.

3. Study of effect on Amplitude of Reconstructed signal by varying Sampling Pulse Duty Cycle in Sample & Sample / Hold output.

4. Comparison of 2^nd and 4^th order Butterworth Filters.

5. Sampling & Reconstruction using External Sampling Input.

FM Transmitter and Receiver Trainer 7508

The Adtron’s FM Transmitter and Receiver Trainer is a versatile self contained stand alone unit useful in the study and demonstration of carrier generation, frequency modulation, transmitter amplifier, receiver, FM demodulator, audio amplifier. The unit is housed in an elegant cabinet with a well spread intelligently designed circuit layout on front panel. Test points are provided at various stages in the circuit to observe the waveforms and voltages. It is strongly supported by a comprehensive instruction manual complete with theory and operating details.

Salient features :

On board variable frequency audio oscillator.

On board FM modulator, detectors, amplitude limiter and filter.

Technical Specifications :

► Audio Oscillator : Sinewave with variable Frequency and Amplitude (300 Hz – 3.4 KHz).

► FM Modulator : 1. Reactance Modulator ( with carrier Frequency adjustment )

2. Varactor Modulation ( with carrier Frequency adjustment )

► Mixer / Amplifier : 01 no. ( with gain adjustment ) Allows FM input to be amplitude modulated by noise prior to demodulation.

► Transmitter o/p Frequency : 455 KHz.

► FM Demodulator : 1. Detuned Resonant detector.

2. Quadrature detector.

3. Fooster – Seeley detector.

4. Ratio detector

5. PLL.

► Low Pass Filter : 3.4 KHz cut off frequency.

► Test-points : 74.

► Interconnections : 4mm Banana sockets and patch cords.

► Power Requirement : 230V, 50 Hz, 1f AC., ± 10 %.

► Switch Fault : 8 Nos.

► Amplitude : 1 No.

► Amplifier : ( with adjustable gain. )

► Accessories : 1. Instruction Manual.

2. Set of Patch cords.

Experiment :

1. Study of 2 types of FM modulators & 5 different types of demodulators.

2. Effect of noise on FM transmission & study of tuned circuits.

DSB & SSB AM Receiver Trainer 7507

The Adtron’s DSB / SSB AM Receiver Trainer is a versatile self contained stand alone unit useful in the study and demonstration of reception, DSB demodulation, SSB demodulation, and output amplifier. The unit consists of local oscillator, RF amplifier, BFO, Mixer, IF amplifier, detector audio output and speaker. The unit is housed in an elegant cabinet with a well spread intelligently designed circuit layout on front panel. Test points are provided at various stages in the circuit to observe the waveforms and voltages. It is strongly supported by a comprehensive instruction manual complete with theory and operating details.

Salient Features :

► On board variable capacitor tuning.

► On board receiving antenna, LO, BFO, RF amplifier, Mixer, IF amplifier, Detectors, AGC, audio output, and speaker.

Technical Specifications :

► Receiver Principle : Superhetrodyne.

► Frequency Range : 525 KHz to 1.605 KHz.

► IF Frequency : 455 KHz.

► Receiver circuit : consists of RF amplifier, Mixer, Local oscillator, BFO, IF amplifier 1, IF amplifier 2.

► Tuning : Gang condencer / Variable Capacitor / Dial making on board.

► Receiver input : Using telescopic antenna or directly the output of the transmitter by connector.

► Detector : 1. Diode detector for DSB.

2. Product detector for SSB.

► Audio output : Amplifier with speaker / headphone.

► AGC control : Switchable.

► Test-points : 50.

► Interconnections : 4mm Banana sockets and patch cords.

► Power Requirement : 230V, 50 Hz, 1f AC , ± 10 %.

► Switch Fault : 08 Nos.

► Accessories : 1. Instruction Manual.

2. Set of Patch cords.

Experiment :

1. Study of DSB and SSB AM Reception & detection by diode / product detectors.

2. Study of AGC.

3. Study of receiver tuned circuits.

Fiber Optic Light Source 7505G

OPTICAL POWER METER ( 7505F ) 7505F

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

¢ Detector : Silicon Detector.

¢ Range : 0 dBm to -60 dBm.

¢ Display : 12 mm LCD.

¢ Wavelength : 660 & 950 nm.

¢ Connector : SMA.

¢ Accuracy : + 0.5 dBm.

¢ Power : 9V Battery.

SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE DUE TO CONSTANT

DEVELOPMENTS WITHOUT ANY PRIOR NOTICE

Laser Trainer 7505E

* SALIENT FEATURES :

The Trainer contains following modules:

► Transmitter : 01 No.

► Receiver : 01 No.

► Fibre Optic Cable ( Plastic ) : 01 No.

► Fibre Optic Cable ( Glass ) : 01 No.

► Power Adapter : 02 Nos.

► NA Measurement Jig : 01 No.

► Transmission Module : Laser 660 nm.

► Mode : ACC & APC.

► Receiver Module : 1. Photo – Transistor.

Pin Diode.

► Power Supply : 6V DC Adaptors ( Plug to 230V Mains ).

* Experiments of Laser Trainer

► It is a Diode Laser & the following experiment can be performed :

* Characteristics of Laser Diodes

* Study of ACC & APC Modes of Operation

* Design & Evaluation of Laser Diodes Linear Intensity Modulation System

* Design & Evaluation of Laser Diodes Digital Intensity Modulation System

* Transmission of Laser through an Optical Fibre

* Laser Free Space Communication

* Determination of Numerical Aperture of Optical Fibres

* Transmission of an Audio Signal through an Optical Fibre

SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE DUE TO CONSTANT

DEVELOPMENTS WITHOUT ANY PRIOR NOTICE

Fiber Optic Training System ( covers 7507 A & B ) 7505C

Fiber Optic Digital Transmission Kit 7505B

Fiber Optic Analog Transmission Kit ( for Numerical Aperture and Fiber Loss ) 7505A

SALIENT FEATURES :

Fibre Optic Analog Transmission Kit Demonstrates the characteristics of different Fibre optic components such as FO transmitter ( 660 nm & 850 nm ), FO receiver ( Photo Transistor ), losses in a FO system, analog signal transmission and a FO audio transmission system. A special type of FO power meter with FO PIN diode is also provided with output to be observed on a digital multimeter to observe the power output. All there is enclosed in a specially designed user friendly elegant powder coated metal cabinet with intelligently designed layout on imported acrylic front panel are some of its other important features :

Technical Specifications

¢ FO Sources (Transmitter) : a. 660 nm LED SMA Connectorised.

850 nm LED SMA Connectorised.

¢ FO Receiver : FO Photo Transistor SMA Connectorised.

¢ Power Meter : Using FO PIN DETECTOR and logarithmic amplifier with

output to be read on DMM.

¢ Controls : 1. Input Power adjust ( PO Adj ) in the FO

Transmitter.

Gain adjust in the FO Receiver.

¢ Input Analog Signal : 1. Microphone ( Internal ).

Sine wave from function generator (external).

¢ Output Signal to be monitored on : 1. Audio amplifier with speaker ( internal ).

CRO ( external ).

n Experiments that can be performed : 1. Loss is fibres at 660 nm & 850 nm.

Characteristics of FO LED’s at 660 nm and 850

nm.

Characteristics of FO Photo Transistors.
Characteristics of a FO Linear intensity

modulation system.

Frequency response of a FO linear

intensity modulation system.

Waveform distortion in a FO linear

intensity modulation system.

Gain bandwidth product of a FO linear

intensity modulation receiver.

Transmission of an audio signal through an

optical fibre.

Determination of numerical aperture of f optical

fibres & Losses in FO cabels

Study of E/O characteristics.
Study of O/E characteristics.
Study of an AC intensity modulation system

n Accessories : 1. 1 meter PMMA fibre optic patch cord with SMA

connector on both sides (01 Nos).

5 meter PMMA fibre optic patch cord with

SMA connector on both sides (01 Nos).

In line SMA adapter (01 Nos).
Mandrel.
Numerical aperture measurement jig.
Instruction Manual.

n Operating Voltage : 230 V + 10 % AC 1f.

n Test Point : Multicoloured test points are provided at various stages in

the circuit to observe the waveform and voltages.

SPECIFICATIONS ARESUBJECT TO CHANGE DUE TO CONSTANT

DEVELOPMENTS WITHOUT ANY PRIOR NOTICE

Transmission Line Trainer ( Actual Line ) Model – 7504

Adtron’s Transmission Line Trainer ( Actual line ), Model 7504 is a versatile training system for investigating the characteristics of an actual transmission line, including attenuation, phase delay, matching, frequency response & standing waves. A complete unit with detailed instruction manual & set of required patch cords is provided.

Technical Specifications

► Transmission Line : Coaxial Cable 100m ( 25m x 4 Nos)

► Impedance Matching Resistance : 0 to 100 W ( 02 Nos )

► Test Generator : 1. Sine wave : 4 KHz to 4 MHz.

2. Square wave : 10 KHz.

► Interconnections : 4 mm sockets on all input / output connections.

► Test Points : 10

► On board circuit mimic : Illustrates functional blocks for ease of experimentation

► Power Requirement : 230V + 10% 50Hz, 1 f AC.

► Accessories Provided : i. Set of patch Cords.

ii. BNC to BNC cable.

iii. BNC to Crocodile.

iv. Detailed Instruction Manual.

► The following experiments can be easily performed :

1. Measuring the characteristics of a transmission line such as R,L,C,G,Zo, l for different lengths of transmissions Line.

2. Measuring the attenuation of a transmission line for different lengths of the transmission line for

(i) open ended like

(ii) short ended line.

3. Measuring the Input Impedance of the line under different load conditions such as

(i) line terminated with matched load ;

(ii) open line

( iii ) short circuited line.

4. Measuring Phase displacement between the current & Voltage at input of line different load conditions

(i) line terminated with matched load ;

(ii) open line

( iii ) short circuited line.

5. Frequency Characteristics of the line.

6. Study of Stationary waves for different load condition

(i) line terminated with matched load ;

(ii) open line &

( iii ) short circuited line.

7. Signal phase shift along the line. ( phase shift & phase delay )

8. Fault localization within the line.

9. Line under Pulsed Condition.

Study the propagation of the pulse edges along the line under different matching condition viz., open line, short circuited line & matched line.

Transmission Line Trainer ( Simulated Line ) 7503

Adtron’s Transmission Line Trainer ( simulated line ), Model 7503 is a versatile training system for investigating the characteristics of a transmission line, including attenuation, delay, matching, frequency response, standing waves AC line coupling and effect of additive noise. A complete unit with detailed instruction manual & set of required patch cords is provided.

Topics Covered :

► Attenuation : Delay using a pulse input.

► Reactive Termination : Matching using a pulse input.

► Noise in Communication Systems : AC Coupling of pulse inputs.

► Matching & Frequency Response : Standing waves.

► Transformer Matching : Low pass filter effect.

► Transmission Line Oscillator : Time Domain Reflectometry ( TDR ).

Technical Specifications :

► Simulated Transmission Lines : 50 W & 70 W.

► Attenuation Line : 600 W.

► Standing wave display circuit : Allows standing waves to be viewed on a standard oscilloscope.

► Pulse generator : Produces pulses of adjustable frequency and pulse width.

► Summing amplifier : With adjustable gain and output impedance.

► Digital noise generator : With adjustable output amplitude.

► Pulse squarer circuit : Provided.

► Buffer : with fixed 50 W output.

► BNC to 4 mm adapter : Provided.

► Switched faults : Eight faults are provided Four open circuit faults, four short circuit faults, affecting all major functional blocks.

► Interconnections : 4 mm sockets on all input / output connections.

► Test points : 70, numbered.

Advance Communication ( series 75XX )

Salient features :

Technical Specifications

Experiment :

SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE DUE TO CONSTANT DEVELOPMENTS WITHOUT ANY PRIOR NOTICE

Experiment that can be performed

* Experiments of Laser Trainer